Japanese Counter for Small Objects – How to Count Small Items
Learn how to count small objects in Japanese using 個
In Japanese, small physical objects are often counted with the counter 「個(こ / ko)」.
This counter is very common in daily life and is used for many separate, countable items such as apples, eggs, candies, balls, boxes, fruits, buttons, stones, and other small objects.
What is 「個(こ / ko)」?
「個(こ / ko)」 is a counter used for small, physical, individual items. It is one of the most useful counters in Japanese because it can be used for many everyday objects.
Basic Pattern
The counter is usually read as こ(ko), but with some numbers the pronunciation changes slightly.
1個(いっこ / ikko)
2個(にこ / niko)
3個(さんこ / sanko)
4個(よんこ / yonko)
5個(ごこ / goko)
6個(ろっこ / rokko)
7個(ななこ / nanako)
8個(はっこ / hakko)
9個(きゅうこ / kyuuko)
10個(じゅっこ / jukko)
Important Sound Changes
Some numbers change their sound before 「個(こ / ko)」:
1個(いっこ / ikko)
6個(ろっこ / rokko)
8個(はっこ / hakko)
10個(じゅっこ / jukko / じっこ / jikko)
Example Sentences
りんごを1個(いっこ / ikko)ください。
(ringo o ikko kudasai - Please give me one apple.)
たまごを2個(にこ / niko)かいました。
(tamago o niko kaimashita - I bought two eggs.)
はこのなかに3個(さんこ / sanko)あります。
(hako no naka ni sanko arimasu - There are three items in the box.)
Japanese also uses 「つ(tsu)」 for counting the first 10 items: ひとつ(hitotsu), ふたつ(futatsu), みっつ(mittsu) etc.
Both are correct:
りんごをひとつ(hitotsu)ください。
りんごを1個(いっこ / ikko)ください。
However, 「個(こ / ko)」 is more natural when counting actual small objects.